Amino acids chart and table reference
Natural peptides and proteins are mainly made of 20 standard amino acids. Many other natural amino acids derived from these 20 amino acids are also found in nature. In addition, amino acid chemistry has allowed to develop thousands of unnatural amino acids to improve peptide properties. Thanks to chemical peptide synthesis procedures, about any kind of amino acids can be incorporated in a peptide sequence contrary to recombinant synthesis.
Discover amino acids properties and contact us for any peptide synthesis requests.
Proteinogenic amino acids chart
Peptides and proteins are mainly made of 20 standard natural amino acids. Amino acids are bound together through amide bonds to form a peptide sequence. Each amino acid has specific properties including hydrophobicity, charge, mass weight, isoelectric point… A combination of these very different building blocks allows to generate an infinity of peptide structures making this resource very attractive for therapeutic development.
Access IC-PEPTIDE's solubility guidelines and peptide calculator.
Amino Acids with Hydrophobic Side Chain – Aliphatic
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alanine | ALA | A | C3H7N1O2 | 89.09 | 6.00 |
| Isoleucine | ILE | I | C6H13N1O2 | 131.17 | 5.94 |
| Leucine | LEU | L | C6H13N1O2 | 131.17 | 5.98 |
| Valine | VAL | V | C5H11N1O2 | 117.15 | 5.96 |
Amino Acids with Hydrophobic Side Chain – Aromatic
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenylalanine | PHE | F | C9H11N1O2 | 165.19 | 5.48 |
| Tryptophan | TRP | W | C11H12N2O2 | 204.23 | 5.89 |
| Tyrosine | TYR | Y | C9H11N1O3 | 181.19 | 5.66 |
Amino Acids with Neutral Side Chain
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asparagine | ASN | N | C4H8N2O3 | 132.12 | 5.41 |
| Cysteine | CYS | C | C3H7N1O2S1 | 121.16 | 5.02 |
| Glutamine | GLN | Q | C5H10N2O3 | 146.15 | 5.65 |
| Methionine | MET | M | C5H11N1O2S1 | 149.21 | 5.74 |
| Serine | SER | S | C3H7N1O3 | 105.09 | 5.68 |
| Threonine | THR | T | C4H9N1O3 | 119.12 | 5.64 |
Amino Acids with Positive Charged Side Chain – Basic
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arginine | ARG | R | C6H14N4O2 | 174.2 | 11.15 |
| Histidine | HIS | H | C6H9N3O2 | 155.16 | 7.47 |
| Lysine | LYS | K | C6H14N2O2 | 146.19 | 9.59 |
Amino Acids with Negative Charged Side Chain – Acidic
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspartic Acid | ASP | D | C4H7N1O4 | 133.1 | 2.77 |
| Glutamic Acid | GLU | E | C5H9N1O4 | 147.13 | 3.22 |
Other Amino Acids
| Name | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Formula | Molecular Weight | Isoelectric Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycine | GLY | G | C2H5N1O2 | 75.07 | 5.97 |
| Proline | PRO | P | C5H9N1O2 | 115.13 | 6.30 |
Non-proteinogenic amino acids chart
In addition to the 20 standard amino acids, thousands of natural and unnatural amino acids exist and can be incorporated in peptide chemical syntheses. Contact IC-PEPTIDE for price estimation of custom peptides containing non-standard amino acids. Non-standard amino acids contain derivatives of standard amino acids such as pyroglutamate, citrulline, methylated arginine, acetylated lysine, phosphorylated serine / threonine / tyrosine, glycosylated asparagine…
Looking for a specific amino acid to be incorporated in a peptide sequence? Please contact us.
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